Search results for "Gauge theory"

showing 10 items of 266 documents

Gauge theory of the long-range proximity effect and spontaneous currents in superconducting heterostructures with strong ferromagnets

2017

We present the generalized quasiclassical theory of the long-range superconducting proximity effect in heterostructures with strong ferromagnets, where the exchange splitting is of the order of Fermi energy. In the ferromagnet the propagation of equal-spin Cooper pairs residing on the spin-split Fermi surfaces is shown to be governed by the spin-dependent Abelian gauge field which results either from the spin-orbital coupling or from the magnetic texture. This additional gauge field enters into the quasiclassical equations in superposition with the usual electromagnetic vector potential and results in the generation of spontaneous superconducting currents and phase shifts in various geometr…

02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperposition principleCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesProximity effect (superconductivity)Boundary value problemGauge theory010306 general physicsPhysicsSuperconductivityta114Condensed matter physicsJosephson effectMeissner effectFermi energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyferromagnetismcoherence lengthQuantum electrodynamicsproximity effectCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCooper pair0210 nano-technologyVector potentialPhysical Review B
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Dark coupling and gauge invariance

2010

We study a coupled dark energy–dark matter model in which the energymomentum exchange is proportional to the Hubble expansion rate. The inclusion of its perturbation is required by gauge invariance. We derive the linear perturbation equations for the gauge invariant energy density contrast and velocity of the coupled fluids, and we determine the initial conditions. The latter turn out to be adiabatic for dark energy, when assuming adiabatic initial conditions for all the standard fluids. We perform a full Monte Carlo Markov Chain likelihood analysis of the model, using WMAP 7-year data.

AstrofísicaAstrophysics and AstronomyCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesCosmologysymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesCosmological perturbation theoryGauge theoryAdiabatic process010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicsMarkov chain Monte CarloHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsDark energyHubble's lawAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Theory and implications of neutrino mass

1989

Abstract I briefly review the basic theory of neutrino mass from the point of view of modern gauge theories. Some of the implications of neutrino masses for particle physics, nuclear physics, cosmology and astrophysics are discussed.

Astroparticle physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologySupersymmetryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCosmologyBibliographyNuclear astrophysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentGauge theoryNeutrinoNeutrino oscillationNuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
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Spectral function for overoccupied gluodynamics from real-time lattice simulations

2018

We study the spectral properties of a highly occupied non-Abelian non-equilibrium plasma appearing ubiquitously in weak coupling descriptions of QCD matter. The spectral function of this far-from-equilibrium plasma is measured by employing linear response theory in classical-statistical real-time lattice Yang-Mills simulations. We establish the existence of transversely and longitudinally polarized quasiparticles and obtain their dispersion relations, effective mass, plasmon frequency, damping rate and further structures in the spectral and statistical functions. Our new method can be interpreted as a non-perturbative generalization of hard thermal loop (HTL) effective theory. We see indica…

CLASSICAL APPROXIMATIONNuclear Theorynucl-thquark-gluon plasmahep-latFOS: Physical sciencesHEAVY-ION COLLISIONShiukkasfysiikka114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Lattice (order)0103 physical sciencesquantum chromodynamicsQCD PLASMA INSTABILITIESStatistical physicsGauge theorynonperturbative effects in field theory010306 general physicsHARD THERMAL LOOPSParticle Physics - PhenomenologyPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)kvarkki-gluoniplasmafinite temperature field theorylattice field theoryISOTROPIZATIONParticle Physics - Latticehep-ph16. Peace & justiceFIELD-THEORYGluonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNuclear Physics - TheoryQuark–gluon plasmaHIGH-TEMPERATUREGAUGE-THEORIESQuasiparticleSpectral functionkvanttikenttäteoriaStatistical correlationrelativistic heavy-ion collisions
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Geometric approaches to particle physics

2008

Geometric approaches to particle physics have opened up new perspectives and unifying insights. After a few historical remarks I discuss the essence of the concept of G-theory: a primordial symmetry acting on a manifold and on the fields defined on it. This is then illustrated by the finite-dimensional case of Kaluza-Klein theories and by the infinite-dimensional case of chiral anomalies in Yang-Mills theories. In the latter case, a new and unifying description of topological and global anomalies is obtained.

Chiral anomalyPhysicsParticle physicsGauge grouplawGlobal anomalyGauge theoryManifold (fluid mechanics)Symmetry (physics)law.invention
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The Chiral Anomaly

1989

The Dirac operator on a manifold M is a first order partial differential operator acting on sections of a spin bundle over M. The Dirac operator is elliptic when the metric of M is positive definite. The main task in this chapter is to study properties of the determinant of the Dirac operator.

Chiral anomalyPhysicssymbols.namesakeLine bundleHigh Energy Physics::LatticeClifford algebrasymbolsVector bundleGauge theoryDirac operatorSpin (physics)ManifoldMathematical physics
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Commutator anomalies and the Fock bundle

1990

We show that the anomalous finite gauge transformations can be realized as linear operators acting on sections of the bundle of fermionic Fock spaces parametrized by vector potentials, and more generally, by splittings of the fermionic one-particle space into a pair of complementary subspaces. On the Lie algebra level we show that the construction leads to the standard formula for the relevant commutator anomalies.

CommutatorHigh Energy Physics::Lattice58D30Statistical and Nonlinear Physics58B25Space (mathematics)Linear subspace58G35Fock spaceLinear map81D07Quantum mechanicsLie algebraGauge theoryAnomaly (physics)Mathematical PhysicsMathematical physicsMathematics81E13
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Monte Carlo study of cluster-diameter distribution: An observable to estimate correlation lengths

1997

We report numerical simulations of two-dimensional $q$-state Potts models with emphasis on a new quantity for the computation of spatial correlation lengths. This quantity is the cluster-diameter distribution function $G_{diam}(x)$, which measures the distribution of the diameter of stochastically defined cluster. Theoretically it is predicted to fall off exponentially for large diameter $x$, $G_{diam} \propto \exp(-x/\xi)$, where $\xi$ is the correlation length as usually defined through the large-distance behavior of two-point correlation functions. The results of our extensive Monte Carlo study in the disordered phase of the models with $q=10$, 15, and $20$ on large square lattices of si…

Condensed matter physicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesObservableSquare (algebra)Coherence lengthHigh Energy Physics - LatticeDistribution (mathematics)Distribution functionTransition pointLattice gauge theoryAtomic physicsMathematicsPhysical Review E
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Towards gauge coupling unification in left-right symmetric SU(3)c×SU(3)L×SU(3)R×U(1)X theories

2017

We consider the possibility of gauge coupling unification within the simplest realizations of the $\mathrm{SU}(3{)}_{\mathrm{c}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{SU}(3{)}_{\mathrm{L}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{SU}(3{)}_{\mathrm{R}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{\mathrm{X}}$ gauge theory. We present a first exploration of the renormalization group equations governing the ``bottom-up'' evolution of the gauge couplings in a generic model with free normalization for the generators. Interestingly, we find that for a $\mathrm{SU}(3{)}_{\mathrm{c}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{SU}(3{)}_{\mathrm{L}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{SU}(…

CouplingPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyRenormalization groupGauge (firearms)01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesGrand Unified TheoryGauge theorySymmetry breaking010306 general physicsU-1Mathematical physicsPhysical Review D
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Small neutrino masses and gauge coupling unification

2014

The physics responsible for gauge coupling unification may also induce small neutrino masses. We propose a novel gauge mediated radiative seesaw mechanism for calculable neutrino masses. These arise from quantum corrections mediated by new $SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_X$ (3-3-1) gauge bosons and the physics driving gauge coupling unification. Gauge couplings unify for a 3-3-1 scale in the TeV range, making the model directly testable at the LHC.

CouplingPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsGauge bosonParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaYang–Mills theoryGauge (firearms)High Energy Physics::TheoryHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Seesaw mechanismSupersymmetric gauge theoryNeutrinoGauge anomaly
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